General Rules for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Enter the title of an article as it appears in the publication.

Capitalize only the first word of a title, proper nouns, proper adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms.

Use a colon followed by a space to separate a title from a subtitle, unless some other form of punctuation (such as a question mark, period, or an exclamation point) is already present.

Translate non-English titles into English; place the translation in square brackets.

End a title with a period unless a question mark or exclamation point already ends it or an Article Type follows it.

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Article titles not in English

Specific Rules #2 for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Article titles in more than one language

Specific Rules #3 for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Translated article titles ending in punctuation other than a period

Specific Rules #4 for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Article titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another special character

Specific Rules #5 for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Article titles with headers

Specific Rules #6 for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No article title can be found

Exceptions for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Article Title (required) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #4 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names for cities and countries not in English

Use the English form for names of cities and countries when possible. However, the name as found on the publication may always be used.

Moskva becomes Moscow

Wien becomes Vienna

Italia becomes Italy

Espana becomes Spain

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Abbreviations in affiliations

Specific Rules #2 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: E-mail address included

Specific Rules #3 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizational names not in English

Specific Rules #4 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names for cities and countries not in English

Exceptions for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #3 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizational names not in English

Give the affiliation of all authors or only the first author.

Begin with the department and name of the organization, followed by the city, the two-letter abbreviation for the US state or Canadian province (see Appendix E), and the country name or two-letter ISO country code (see Appendix D) if non-US.

For non-English organizational names in the roman alphabet (primarily European languages, such as French, German, Spanish, Italian, Swedish, etc.), provide the name in the original language.

Carpentier AF (Service de Neurologie, Hospital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France), Moreno Perez D (Unidad de Infectologia e Inmunodeficiencias, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital Materno-Infantil Carlos Haya, Malaga, Spain)

Pinet LM (Departamento de Servicios de Salud de Emergencia, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad de Maryland, Condado de Baltimore, USA. lpinetl@umbc.edu).

Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) or translate organizational names in Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, or Hebrew. A good authority for romanization is the ALA-LC Romanization Tables.

Barbulescu M (Clinica Chirurgicala, Spitalul Clinic Coltea, Bucuresti), Burcos T, Ungureanu CD, Zodieru-Popa I.

Grudinina NA (Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia), Golubkov VI, Tikhomirova OS, Brezhneva TV, Hanson KP, Vasilyev VB, Mandelshtam MY.

Translate organizational names in character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean).

Susaki K (First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan), Bandoh S, Fujita J, Kanaji N, Ishii T, Kubo A, Ishida T.

Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names. This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications.

– Treat letters marked with a diacritic or accent as if they are not marked.

Å treated as A

Ø treated as O

Ç treated as C

Ł treated as L

à treated as a

ĝ treated as g

ñ treated as n

ü treated as u

– Treat two or more letters printed as a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two letters.

æ treated as ae

œ treated as oe

Use the English form of names for cities and countries when possible. For example, Vienna for Wien and Spain for Espana. However, the name found on the publication may always be used.

Place the affiliation in parentheses.

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Abbreviations in affiliations

Specific Rules #2 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: E-mail address included

Specific Rules #3 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizational names not in English

Specific Rules #4 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names for cities and countries not in English

Exceptions for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #2 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: E-mail address included

Follow the US state, Canadian province, or country of the author with a period and a space.

Insert the e-mail address as it appears in the publication.

Do not end an e-mail address with a period.

Place the e-mail address within the closing parenthesis for the author affiliation.

Example:

Patrias K (Reference Section, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda MD. patrias@nlm.nih.gov), de la Cruz FF (Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD. delacruz@nichd.nih.gov).

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Abbreviations in affiliations

Specific Rules #2 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: E-mail address included

Specific Rules #3 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizational names not in English

Specific Rules #4 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names for cities and countries not in English

Exceptions for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Abbreviations in affiliations

Abbreviate commonly used words in affiliations, if desired. Follow all abbreviated words with a period.

Examples:

Acad. for Academy

Assoc. for Association

Co. for Company

Coll. for College

Corp. for Corporation

Dept. for Department

Div. for Division

Inst. for Institute or Institution

Soc. for Society

Univ. for University

Abbreviate names of US states and Canadian provinces using their official two-letter abbreviations.

Abbreviate names of countries outside of the US and Canada using the two-letter ISO country code, if desired.

Be consistent. If you abbreviate a word in one reference, abbreviate the same word in all references.

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Abbreviations in affiliations

Specific Rules #2 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: E-mail address included

Specific Rules #3 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizational names not in English

Specific Rules #4 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names for cities and countries not in English

Exceptions for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

General Rules for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Enter the affiliation of all authors or only the first author.

Begin with the department and name of the institution, followed by city and state/Canadian province/country.

Use commas to separate parts of the affiliation.

Place the affiliation in parentheses, such as (Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA).

Separate the affiliation from its author by a space.

Follow the affiliation with a comma placed outside the closing parenthesis, unless it is the affiliation of the last author, then use a period.

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Abbreviations in affiliations

Specific Rules #2 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: E-mail address included

Specific Rules #3 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizational names not in English

Specific Rules #4 for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names for cities and countries not in English

Exceptions for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author Affiliation (optional) for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

The following formats are not NLM practice for citing authors, but are acceptable options:

Full first names of authors may be given. Separate the surname from the given name or initials by a comma; follow initials with a period; separate successive names by a semicolon.

Takagi, Yasushi; Harada, Jun; Chiarugi, Alberto M.; Moskowitz, Michael A. Mann, Frederick D.; Swartz, Mary N.; Little, R.T.

If space is a consideration, the number of authors may be limited to a specific number, such as the first three authors or first six authors. Follow the last named author by a comma and "et al." or "and others."

Rastan S, Hough T, Kierman A, et al.

Adler DG, Baron TH, Davila RE, Egan J, Hirota WK, Leighton JA, and others.

If both individuals and an organization or organizations appear on the title page of an article as authors, the individuals may be given as the author and the organization listed at the end of the reference as a note.

Cox JL, Ramer SA, Lee DS, Humphries K, Pilote L, Svenson L, Tu JV. Pharmacological treatment of congestive heart failure in Canada: a description of care in five provinces. Can J Cardiol. 2005 Mar 15;21(4):337-43. Authors are investigators of the Canadian Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Team.

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

If no person or organization can be found as the author but editors or translators are present, begin the reference with the names of the editors or translators. Follow the same rules used for author names, but end the list of names with a comma and the specific role, that is, editor or translator.

Morrison CP, Court FG, editors.

Walser E, translator.

If no person or organization can be identified as the author and no editors or translators are given, begin the reference with the title of the article. Do not use anonymous.

New accreditation product approved for systems under the ambulatory and home care programs. Jt Comm Perspect. 2005 May;25(5):8.

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

An organization such as a university, society, association, corporation, or governmental body may be an author.

- Omit "The" preceding an organizational name.

The American Cancer Society becomes American Cancer Society

- If a division or other part of an organization is included in the publication, give the parts of the name in descending hierarchical order, separated by commas.

American Medical Association, Committee on Ethics.

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division.

American College of Surgeons, Committee on Trauma, Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Outcomes, Working Group.

- When citing organizations that are national bodies such as government agencies, if a nationality is not part of the name, place the country in parentheses after the name, using the two-letter ISO country code National Academy of Sciences (US).

Royal Marsden Hospital Bone-Marrow Transplantation Team (GB).

- Separate two or more different organizations by a semicolon.

Canadian Association of Orthodontists; Canadian Dental Association.

American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine; American College of Emergency Physicians, Pediatric Committee.

- If both individuals and an organization(s) appear on the title page of an article as authors, give both, in the order they appear in the article, and separate them by a semicolon.

Sugarman J, Getz K, Speckman JL, Byrne MM, Gerson J, Emanuel EJ; Consortium to Evaluate Clinical Research Ethics. Pinol V, Castells A, Andreu M, Castellvi-Bel S, Alenda C, Llor X, Xicola RM, Rodriguez-Moranta F, Paya A, Jover R, Bessa X; Spanish Gastroenterological Association, Gastrointestinal Oncology Group.

Margulies EH; NISC Comparative Sequencing Program; Maduro VV, Thomas PJ, Tomkins JP, Amemiya CT, Luo M, Green ED.

- For names of organizations in languages other than English:

-- Give names in languages using the roman alphabet (primarily European languages, such as French, Italian, Spanish, German, Swedish, etc.) as they appear in the publication. When possible follow a non-English name with a translation, placed in square brackets.

Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del CNR.

Universitatsmedizin Berlin.

Nordisk Anaestesiologisk Forening [Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiologists].

-- Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) or translate names of organizations in Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, or Hebrew. A good authority for romanization is the ALA-LC Romanization Tables. When possible follow a non-English name with a translation. Place all translations in square brackets.

Rossiiskoe Respiratornoe Obshchestvo [Russian Respiratory Society].

or

[Russian Respiratory Society].

-- Translate names of organizations in character-based languages such as Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. Place all translations in square brackets.

[Chinese Medical Society].

-- Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names. This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications.

--- Treat letters marked with a diacritic or accent as if they are not marked.

Å treated as A

Ø treated as O

Ç treated as C

Ł treated as L

à treated as a

ĝ treated as g

ñ treated as n

ü treated as u

--- Treat two or more letters printed as a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two letters

æ treated as ae

œ treated as oe

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Romanization, a form of transliteration, means using the roman (Latin) alphabet to represent the letters or characters of another alphabet. A good authority for romanization is the ALA-LC Romanization Tables.

Romanize names in Cyrillic (Russian, Bulgarian, etc.), Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or character-based languages, such as Chinese and Japanese.

Capitalize only the first letter of romanized names when the original initial is represented by more than one letter.

Iu. A. Iakontov becomes Iakontov IuA

G. Th. Tsakalos becomes Tsakalos GTh

Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names. This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications.

- Treat letters marked with a diacritic or accent as if they are not marked.

Å treated as A

Ø treated as O

Ç treated as C

Ł treated as L

à treated as a

ĝ treated as g

ñ treated as n

ü treated as u

- Treat two or more letters printed as a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two letters.

æ treated as ae

œ treated as oe

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Place family designations of rank after the initials, without punctuation.

Convert roman numerals to arabic ordinals.

Examples:

Vincent T. DeVita, Jr. becomes DeVita VT Jr

James G. Jones II becomes Jones JG 2nd

John A. Adams III becomes Adams JA 3rd

Henry B. Cooper IV becomes Cooper HB 4th

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Omit degrees, titles, and honors that follow a personal name, such as M.D.

James A. Reed, M.D., F.R.C.S. becomes Reed JA

Katherine Schmidt, Ph.D. becomes Schmidt K

Robert V. Lang, Major, US Army becomes Lang RV

Omit rank and honors that precede a name, such as Colonel or Sir

Sir Frances Hildebrand becomes Hildebrand F

Dr. Kristine Eberhard becomes Eberhard K

Captain R. C. Williams becomes Williams RC

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Disregard hyphens joining given (first or middle) names

Jean-Louis Lagrot becomes Lagrot JL

Use only the first letter of given names and middle names when they contain a prefix, a preposition, or other particle

D'Arcy Hart becomes Hart D

W. St. John Patterson becomes Patterson WS

De la Broquerie Fortier becomes Fortier D

Craig McC. Brooks becomes Brooks CM

Disregard traditional abbreviations of given names. Some non-US publications use abbreviations of conventional given names rather than single initials, such as St. for Stefan. Use only the first letter of the abbreviation.

Ch. Wunderly becomes Wunderly C

C. Fr. Erdman becomes Erdman CF

For non-English names that have been romanized (written in the roman alphabet), capitalize only the first letter when the original initial is represented by more than one letter

Iu. A. Iakontov becomes Iakontov IuA

G. Th. Tsakalos becomes Tsakalos GTh

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Keep prefixes in surnames

Lama Al Bassit becomes Al Bassit L

Jiddeke M. van de Kamp becomes van de Kamp JM

Gerard de Pouvourville becomes de Pouvourville G

Keep compound surnames even if no hyphen appears

Sergio Lopez Moreno becomes Lopez Moreno S

Jaime Mier y Teran becomes Mier y Teran J

Virginie Halley des Fontaines becomes Halley des Fontaines V

[If you cannot determine from the article whether a surname is a compound one or a combination of a middle name and a surname, look to the table of contents of the issue or an annual or other index for clarification. For example, Elizabeth Scott Parker may be interpreted to be Parker ES or Scott Parker E.]

Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names. This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications.

–Treat letters marked with a diacritic or accent as if they are not marked

Å treated as A

Ø treated as O

Ç treated as C

Ł treated as L

à treated as a

ĝ treated as g

ñ treated as n

ü treated as u

–Treat two or more letters printed as a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two letters

æ treated as ae

œ treated as oe

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Keep hyphens within surnames

Estelle Palmer-Canton becomes Palmer-Canton E

Ahmed El-Assmy becomes El-Assmy A

Keep particles, such as O', D', and L'

Alan D. O'Brien becomes O'Brien AD

Jacques O. L'Esperance becomes L'Esperance JO

U. S'adeh becomes S'adeh U

Omit all other punctuation in surnames

Charles A. St. James becomes St James CA

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

– List names in the order they appear in the text.

– Enter surname (family or last name) first for each author.

– Capitalize surnames and enter spaces within surnames as they appear in the document cited on the assumption that the author approved the form used. For example: Van Der Horn or van der Horn; De Wolf or de Wolf or DeWolf.

– Convert given (first) names and middle names to initials, for a maximum of two initials following each surname.

– Give all authors, regardless of the number.

– Separate author names from each other by a comma and a space.

– End author information with a period.

Notes

MEDLINE/PubMed:

Also shows the full names of authors, when available, in MEDLINE and XML displays (since 2002) records the organization names as given in the journal article. There are no standardization rules places editor or translator names in the author position of a citation when an author name can't be found. However, the role of "editor" or "translator" does not follow the name.

Makes a distinction between authorship and investigators (also known as collaborators). The latter were implemented in journal citations created in late March 2008 forward; they are individuals who contributed to the research study but are not necessarily authors.

MEDLINE/PubMed does not:

Display ISO country codes following organization names of national bodies that don't include nationality in the name translate non-English organizational names.

Según:

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Related:

General Rules for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Specific Rules #1 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them

Specific Rules #2 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Other surname rules

Specific Rules #3 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle

Specific Rules #4 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name

Specific Rules #5 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III

Specific Rules #6 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)

Specific Rules #7 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Organizations as author

Specific Rules #8 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: No author can be found

Specific Rules #9 for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style: Options for author names

Exceptions for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Examples for Author for Journal Articles Vancouver Style

Sample Citation and Introduction to Citing Journal Articles Vancouver Style (Chapter 1: Journals: A)

«By tradition, the rules for formatting references to journal articles permit greater abbreviation compared to books:

»– Journal references omit information on place of publication and publisher, whereas book references carry these details.

»– The words "volume" and "number" (or their abbreviations) are usually omitted when citing journal articles, but are included when citing books.

»– Journal titles are abbreviated; book titles are not.

»– This brevity in citing journal articles stems from the need to conserve space in printed bibliographies and the early databases.

»Following are some important points concerning citing journal articles:

»– Cite the journal name that was used at the time of publication. For example, the British Medical Journal officially changed title to BMJ in 1988. Cite articles from 1987 and earlier as Br Med J, not BMJ.

»– Cite the version you saw. For example, do not cite the print version if you have used the Internet one.

»– Do not include a header, such as "news", "case report", or "clinical study", as part of the article title, unless the table of contents for the journal issue indicates that it is.

»– Use caution when employing typography, such as bold type and italics, to indicate parts of a journal article citation. Too many variations in type styles may actually make the reference harder to read.

»The source for journal title, volume, issue, and date information is, in order of preference: (1) the title page of the issue, (2) the issue cover, and (3) the masthead. Running headers or footers may not carry the official title of a journal and date and issue information may be missing from these locations.

»Citation Rules with Examples for Journal Articles

»Components/elements are listed in the order they should appear in a reference. An R after the component name means that it is required in the citation; an O after the name means it is optional.

»Author (R) | Author Affiliation (O) | Article Title (R) | Article Type (O) | Journal Title (R) | Edition (R) | Type of Medium (R) | Date of Publication (R) | Supplement/Part/Special Number to a Date (R) | Volume Number (R) | Supplement/Part/Special Number to a Volume (R) | Issue Number (R) | Supplement/Part/Special Number to an Issue (R) | Location (Pagination) (R) | Physical Description (O) | Language (R) | Notes (O)

»The general format for a reference to a journal article, including punctuation:»

Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Chapter 1: Journals

Vancouver Citation Style

«The Vancouver Style is the citation style used by most biomedical journals and many scientific journals. It came out of a meeting of medical journal editors in 1978, held in Vancouver, BC, and is maintained by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). It is also known as the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals. For the complete guide to the Vancouver Style, please consult this online book: Citing Medicine, 2nd ed. This book provides very detailed examples for almost any type and variation of resource: conference papers, wikis, journal articles with a supplement, etc. Remember that the Dental Hygiene department uses a modified version of Vancouver Style.»
(Vancouver Community College Library, Vancouver Style > VCC Guide to Vancouver Style [pdf])

«Three major sources are utilized in compiling Citing Medicine: the MEDLARS Indexing Manual of the National Library of Medicine (NLM); pertinent NISO standards, primarily ANSI/NISO Z39.29-2005 Bibliographic References (http://www.niso.org/); and relevant standards from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), primarily ISO 690 Documentation - Bibliographic References (http://www.iso.org/).

»In applying the rules presented by these three sources, the MEDLARS Indexing Manual is given preference. The NLM format as shown in this publication follows NISO in principle, but certain deviations are made, primarily in the interest of saving labor in producing MEDLINE/PubMed. Those familiar with the Manual are aware that its scope is limited to journal articles. However, if a precedent was established by the Manual, as for example with pagination and dates, this Citing Medicine Citing Medicine Citing Medicine Citing Medicine precedent is carried over into other types of bibliographic material. If no NLM precedent is available, then the NISO and ISO standards are followed.

»Users should note that bibliography is not the same as cataloging. The references found in this publication will therefore not agree with the records found in the Library's LocatorPlus and NLM Catalog databases.»
(Citing Medicine, 2nd edition. The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers)