Presentation of references. Annex B (informative) to ISO 690

General

The recommended elements to be included in most types of references to printed and electronic information resources, and the recommended order in which those elements should be presented, are specified in References to books and similar monographic ítems to Electronic messages, discussion lists, bulletin boards, etc.. Elements that are recommended for inclusion in all cases are indicated in bold type. Elements that are recommended only in particular circumstances (e.g. if applicable or if given on the item) are shown in bold italics. All other elements are optional.

The recommended arrangement of references within an alphabetical list is specified in Arrangement of alphabetical lists of references.

References to books and similar monographic ítems

Table B.1 shows the elements, in order, to be included in references to books and other separately issued monographic items in a range of formats (print, online, etc.).

Table B.1 — Reference to a book or other separately issued monographic item

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Contribution within a book or similar monographic ítem

Table B.2 shows the elements, in order, to be included in references to contributions within books and similar monographic items in a range of formats (print, online, etc.).

Table B.2 — Reference to a contribution within a book or similar ítem

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Serials

Reference to an entire serial or entire issue of a serial

Table B.3 shows the elements, in order, to be included in references to serial publications in a range of formats (print, online, etc.).

Table B.3 — Reference to an entire serial or entire issue of a serial

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Contribution within a serial

Table B.4 shows the elements, in order, to be included in references to articles or other contributions within a serial publication in a range of formats (print, online, etc.).

Table B.4 — Reference to a contribution within a serial

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Electronic messages, discussion lists, bulletin boards, etc.

Table B.5 shows the elements, in order, to be included in references to e-mail messages and submissions to electronic discussion lists, bulletin boards, etc.

Table B.5 — References to electronic messages and similar items

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Arrangement of alphabetical lists of references

Alphabetical lists of references should be arranged according to the principles in a) to e), based on the first element given in the reference. See also Elements of a reference > Order of elements.

a) A creator's own writings precede any document he/she has cited.

b) A single-creator entry precedes a dual or multi-creator entry beginning with the same name.

c) Multiple entries by a single creator are arranged chronologically, with the earliest information resource first.

d) Multiple creator entries with the same first creator may be arranged chronologically after entries by the first creator alone or with one co-creator, in order to match citations in the information resource which give the first creator's name, “and others” or “et al.” after the date (see also Creator > Multiple creators).

e) Corporate creators (such as institutions) are alphabetized according to the first significant word of the name.

In special circumstances, an alternate order may be used if done so consistently for all references. For instance, in lists of references arranged in classified or subject order, it is often appropriate to place the title first and the creator second. In accession lists of maps, the area may be placed first. In lists of moving-image materials, the title is normally placed first.